A Guide to French Words for Beverages

A Guide to French Words for Beverages Its no mystery that the French love to eat and drink. By learning the jargon for normal drinks and food, youll build up a more profound thankfulness for this delectable part of French culture and ensure you never go hungry while voyaging. This guide the absolute most normal words and expressions related with eating and drinking, just as connections to sound records to rehearse your pronunciation.â Vocabularyâ There are a bunch of action words youll use as often as possible while examining food and drink, includingâ avoirâ (to have),â boireâ (to drink),â prendreâ (to take), andâ vouloirâ (to need). In the event that youre a genuine foodie, you may likewise need to get familiar with how to discuss wine and espresso in French. la vÃ'tre!  Cheers! To your health!avoir soifâ â to be thirstyune boissonâ drink, beverageun apã ©ritif, un apã ©ro (casual) mixed drink, before-supper drinkune biã ¨reâ beerune boisson gazeuseâ pop, pop, delicate drinkun caf㠩â espresso, espressole champagneâ champagneun chocolat (chaud)â hot chocolateun cidreâ hard ciderun citron press㠩â lemonadeun digestifâ after-supper drinkleauâ watereau du robinetâ tap watereau plateâ still/plain watereau gazeuseâ shimmering/mineral waterun expressâ espressoune infusionâ home grown teale jusâ juicele laitâ milkune limonadeâ lemon pop (like Sprite or 7-Up)un pastisâ anise-enhanced apã ©ritifune pressionâ brew on taple th㠩â teale thã © glac㠩â frosted teaune tisaneâ home grown teale vinâ â â winelaâ gueuleâ deâ boisâ hangover​

The Travels Of Marco Polo By Marco Polo (approx. 1254 - 1324) Essays

The Travels of Marco Polo by Marco Polo (approx. 1254 - 1324) The Travels of Marco Polo by Marco Polo (approx. 1254 - 1324) (as advised to Rusticiano da Pisa and altered by Francis R, Gemma; initially titled A DESCRIPTION OF THE WORLD) Sort of Work: Personal experience Settings Venice, Italy and overland to Eastern China (Cathay) Chief Characters Marco Polo, a youthful aristocrat, voyaging trader and traveler Niccolo Polo, Marco's dad, additionally a shipper Maffeo Polo, Niccolo's sibling and business accomplice Kublai Khan, Emperor of China, descendent of Ghenghis Khan Recorded Overview Introduction: (The book contains the story of Marco Polo's life and his movements from his home in Venice, Italy over Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Asia to the court of Khan, found in the region presently known as Beijing, China. Marco was greatly loved by the Emperor, who made him his envoy. The adventurer portrays his numerous undertakings during his 26-year nonappearance from home. A presentation traces the historical occasions (every that he himself actually saw or heard tell by people deserving of confidence), and sets us on our way with Marco in transit to China.) Two well off Venetian man of his word shippers, Niccolo and Maffeo Polo, cruised eastbound from Venice around 1254, leaving Niccolo's newborn child, Marco, being taken care of by his auntie. The voyagers traveled to the extent the court of the incredible sovereign Kublai Khan, where they became exceptionally preferred. In the wake of finding out a little about the extraordinary Catholic religion of his visitors, the Khan dispatched agents to come back with them to Italy to meet with the Pope. His craving was that the Pope ought to loan the administrations of upwards of a hundred researchers to go to his court and demonstrate that the Law of Christ was generally pleasing. If they succeeded, he promised that he and every one of his subjects would become Christians. The Polos cruised into Acre, Italy in April of 1269, to the news that Pope Clement had passed on. At that point the siblings traveled on to Venice to anticipate the blessing of another pope. However, following quite a while they felt worn out on of pausing and started to advance again to Kubtai's court, this time joined by youthful Marco. Again in Acre, after some backtracking, the three at last got together with the recently named Pope Gregory of Piacenza. He hesitantly consented to help out the Khan's bonus, however sent just two ministers to go with them. Nonetheless, these clerics before long became debilitated. Reluctant either to persevere through the privations the excursion would require or to forfeit their lives in the administration of agnostics, both in the long run turned around. Book-by-Book Summary Book I contains Marco's depictions of his three-and-a-half year excursion to Kublai's court. It is a captivating account, with distinctive versions not just of topography, normal wonders and voyaging separations furthermore, conditions, however of narratives, food planning and creation, exchange, strict practices, and customs and oral conventions among the numerous clans also, human advancements they experienced. Book II recounts life in the court of Kublai Khan. The individual of the Khan is respectfully point by point: He is of a decent height, neither tall nor short, yet of a center stature. He has a turning out to be sum of tissue, and is shapely in the entirety of his appendages. His appearance is white what's more, red, the eyes dark and fine, the nose very much shaped and all around set on. The Khan's castles, his tremendous court, his legislature and armed forces are portrayed. A record is given of a fight drove by extraordinary Khan himself. The story reports that when all were in fight exhibit [one could hear] a sound emerge of numerous instruments of different music, and of the voices of the entire of the two has noisily singing. For this is the custom of the Tartars.. . Depictions of court undertakings, for example, the checking of the schedule, and the festival of thousands of celebrations what's more, chasing trips, are persuasively recorded. Record-keeping was significant to the Chinese. Every family unit kept close to the front entryway a rundown of the names of all the home's occupants, and the guardians of hostelries were required to record the names everything being equal and the dates of their visits. Certain parts relate a portion of the wondrous creations Marco saw while serving the Khan. He composes of such wonders as paper cash, an arrangement of express envoys, fine interstate frameworks (remainders of which are still set up), and a dark stone (coal) utilized for fuel. For these miracles Marco gives full credit to the Incomparable Khan, whom he never feels sick of applauding for his knowledge, influence, riches and aptitude. Presently familiar with four unique dialects, Marco turned into an important minister for the Emperor. Book 11 closures with brief depictions of his different missions. Book III describes in

8 Major Mistakes During Salary Negotiations That Kill Your Salary Raise

8 Major Mistakes During Salary Negotiations That Kill Your Salary Raise Every Employee is Always Searching for Ways to Improve Their Salary â€" Here’s an Expert Take on How to Achieve ItWith every passing new year, the expectancy increases in improving your overall salary to a satisfactory amount.But what happens when you end up in an endless purgatory waiting for your slice of heaven?How do you go about asking for a raise when you fear about the repercussions of a failed negotiation?Asking for a raise is like answering a ‘multiple-choice questionnaire’ â€" There’s just one correct answer and a whole lot of mistakes. Today we list 8 mistakes to dodge before you begin the negotiation process.8 MISTAKES TO AVOID DURING A SALARY NEGOTIATION THAT END YOUR CHANCES AT RECEIVING ONEMISTAKE #1: Don’t Ask For A Raise When You’re Not Performing At Your BestOff late your performance hasn’t been up to the mark. You find yourself in conference rooms with your boss discussing how to increase your productivity.These times are tough â€" these times call fo r self-improvement and are not for negotiating salary.Any discussion related to your salary is bound to burn up like a flaming meteor hitting the surface of the earth. In the following scenario â€" Ask yourself how to analyze your performance through the following questionnaire.Do answer at length to get a good grasp of your personal evaluation.Answer the Following Questions to Get a Quick Personal Review of YourselfIn just three words, describe the most important skillsets that your company hired you for?Are you in a Training Program? If yes, list themWhat can I do to be more helpful to my team?What are the tools that can make my job easier?What are the biggest challenges faced by my company today?What is my most difficult task in the company?Once you’ve gotten the answers, it’s time to move on to the next step.Create a Personal Performance ReviewA performance review is a workplace evaluation by a manager or senior level employee to determine an employee’s worth and to unders tand how important their services are to the company.Modern employees tend to always carry a copy of past performance results with them to be able to provide to their seniors at a second’s notice.It’s important to create your performance review for this reason.   Every performance review should be clear of grammatical mistakes and should be proofread multiple times.Don’t just write about your successful performances but also criticize yourself in your review.This provides a deeper insight into the type of employee you are.Here are quick tips on how to write the ideal performance review â€"Pick the conversational style of writing your performance review-  Words that you write need to flow from within your heart and not sound stuffy. When reading, your boss should understand that the words written down came from your own lips, that’s how a standout performance review shines out.Social Feedback Inclusion  Ever had a good word in from one your co-workers for handling their work during their absence? Convert a good word into a testimonial and have the backing of your colleagues. Soliciting critical comments that highlight you in a positive sense is a great way for adding brownie points to your performance review.Don’t Be Shy â€" List Your Achievements  When considering a performance review, adding achievements to your review may seem resentful and arrogant. This is why many employees lose out on a salary raise when they think displaying their accomplishments can be seen as a doorway of selfishness. As long as you don’t talk down your colleagues in your performance review, displaying your abilities at their illuminating best is the only way forward to grasp a salary increment opportunity.MISTAKE #2: Don’t Complain About Not Receiving A RaiseRejection is hard! It stings the hardest when you display top performing abilities and no one seems to recognize you or reward you. Statements like the one below may creep into your mind occasionally.“I’m the only one in the company that has been working for the longest time yet all of you seem to be oblivious to this fact and seem to reward the newcomers with increments. To hell with all of this, I Quit!”While it’s okay to have negative thoughts in your mind, it’s another thing to say it out loud or pass shrewd remarks on your senior managers. No one, and we mean NO ONE has ever made it big in their careers by whining and moaning about their hardships.Instead, take the day off and find a way to unwind before you begin to break down what exactly is the reason your seniors aren’t increasing your paycheck.Always remember an undisciplined employee is always replaceable by the organization and no matter how highly you regard yourself, your manners speak on your behalf.Find out your Salary RangeWebsites such as Glassdoor and PayScale are great options to use to your benefit. Here’s what to do â€"Simply visit one or both these sites and input your “job designation” into the searc h bar. Examples â€" Computer Programmer, Backend Developer, Software Engineer, etc.Once you’ve clicked enter, you should have a list of jobs matching your designation and their average salaries displayed.Go through a few of the top-end companies to get a gross average on exactly what salary is being paid for professionals in your field and match them in line with the experience.Soon, you’ll have an efficient understanding of whether your organization is underpaying you or if you’re receiving the right amount for your work.If you believe you’re being underpaid, you should have a soft discussion with your boss about it. And by soft discussion, we mean going in with a meaningful conversation and bringing out the payment factor without being too obvious.Chances are he understands your value and immediately schedules an increment if not, it’s best to shift your base to a company that rewards your efforts.MISTAKE #3: Becoming Resentful Upon RejectionPerformance speaks volumes. T hreatening to leave your company just because your boss doesn’t cater to your demands is a great way to hit rock bottom as far as your career is concerned. An adversarial reaction is ill-advised.We all want to storm into our boss’s chambers and give them a good mouthful and then throw in the resignation towel and walk out with flamboyance and panache. All scenes that look great in movies but are horrendous in real life.Because once you leave the office, remorse will begin to creep in and then a wall of regret slaps you back to reality. You’ve just given away years and years of hard work for a single moment of frustration.And that’s where all your chances of an increment results to a full zero. Now, you are unemployed and in a far worse off situation than you started.Instead of becoming resentful for being rejected a pay raise, fuel your inner rage by adding passion to your daily tasks. If you can’t get your boss to notice you, then you need to increase your work operations and ensure that you do something that brings you into the spotlight in a positive sense.Here’s a fine example demonstrating the situation“Mark is an employee that works at a retail departmental store selling furniture. He performs an additional 10-15%revenue than the next best employee on any given day.Yet Mark is dejected that he isn’t rewarded for his efforts at being an exceptional salesman by his company.”Now Mark is a great example of the frustrated employee in every one of us. Now if Mark were to increase his sales, even more, to say 20%-25% through hard work and commitment, his boss is sure to take notice of his efforts and promote him to a managerial role.A slight increase in efforts isn’t enough for an organization to take notice and you may need to stand out from the 2nd best employee by miles to demonstrate your capabilities.Take on additional roles in the company, work overtime during a budget cut, ensure the company is in a functional and operable condition a nd your boss will have no choice but to incentivize a valuable employee rather than losing them to a rival organization.MISTAKE #4: Using Email Or A Phone Call As A Means To Discuss Your RaiseIf you’re planning on sending a fax, calling up your boss or using an email service to discuss your raise options â€" You’re doing it all wrong!Firstly, an email is used to notify your boss of the day-to-day events and to forward important events regarding the company. Using it as a form to discuss your raise is equivalent to sending him a postcard with a handwritten letter of your intentions for a salary increment. Not only will you not be taken seriously, your boss could easily ignore an email that he deems unimportant.Similarly, a phone call doesn’t grasp the full attention of your boss as he could be occupied with urgent matters and might just entertain you with a positive response in the near future. The best way forward is to schedule a meeting in person and to orally communicate yo ur request.Heres an example of how a meeting would go between an employee and his boss over the phone â€"Stuart: Sir, this is Stuart Webber from the Logistics Division, I’d like to take some time to discuss a raise that I think I am entitled to receive.Boss: Hello Stuart, I’d like to entertain you on this topic, but this isn’t really a good time to talk about it.Stuart: Sure, I’d like to know when I can bring this to your attention at the earliest?Boss: I’d prefer a face-to-face discussion and please bring in your reports and all accompanying documents pertaining to your accomplishments in the past year.As you can see, Mark has already ruined his chances of getting a pay increment by not knowing to discuss a pay increase in person.The boss would like to see if he really has performed exceedingly well in the past year and if he is indeed in line for a salary increment.Dan King, President of Career Planning and Management recommends utilizing Salary Wizard by Monster, to und erstand what other people are making around the world and how it affects your growth.He states that an employee should discuss an entire package including perks, vacation leave, educational benefits, etc. and not just focus on salary alone.Linda Raynier discusses 6 tips to help you justify to your boss regarding a higher payout. MISTAKE #5: Never Ask For A Raise Too SoonOne of the obvious mistakes that employees make early in their careers is to ask for a raise immediately upon joining a new company.There is a cold period to consider for every new employee that lasts between 6 months to a year. This period has a 99% rejection rate for every employee that requests a pay raise.Unless you’ve done remarkable things in under a year, the chances for your monetary increment is going to be extremely low and there’s no point in asking for one. Instead, this is the period to focus on increasing your work efficiency.By increasing your productive factor, you become a standout employee in th e company and the chances of your raise being accepted become higher.Mary, working in a real estate firm, claims “You cant expect other people to remember your accomplishments, so you need to keep these things out front,”.She understood that she was being underpaid by her firm and began to gather surveys and other documents to prove her worth to her boss.Mary then received a 30% increase in her overall salary and she achieved this by arming herself with knowledge from the internet.Here’s a quick checklist on the ground rules to consider when discussing a salary negotiation â€"A year is a minimum time frame to work in a company before discussing a raiseAlways compare your salary figures among your professional peers to get the exact figurePick a time when you’ve accomplished a valuable proposition for the company or secured a leadFace-to-face conversation is the preferred way to negotiateChoose the right people of the company to talk to â€" The Boss, Senior Managers, etc.If y ou’ve been given a time frame for a possible increment, never stop chasing after itDon’t threaten to leave the company â€" You’re always replaceableDon’t damage the relationship if you intend to leave the company, leave on a good noteDon’t ask for a pay increase after a profit announcement from the companyEnsure you ask for a pay raise every year and don’t leave it for too lateMISTAKE #6: Don’t Bring Up Negotiations While Issuing An UltimatumOne trap that leads to disaster for any future career prospects is to threaten the company with a false job offer. This isn’t a poker game where the company isn’t going to catch your bluff.Even if you’re an efficient employee, it’s not a wise decision to gamble your efforts away for a little increase in salary. Counteroffers from another company are usually seen as a “gun-to-the-head” approach to your current company.You’ll most likely offend your seniors and boss, and this could affect a good long relationship that y ou’ve had with the company. Although, an efficient way to demonstrate your efforts is by bringing to their notice just how much you’re worth in the market and why you’re loyal to them.Molly Tiffin, from LearnVest agrees that organizations can find you disloyal when you bring up offers from another company. She states that taking an offensive stance against your company can leave you with a bitter taste in the mouth in the long run.She believes that 75% to 90% of employees who end up discussing a counter offer usually leave the company whether they receive or don’t receive a pay upgrade in the company.Even if you do receive a pay raise, you’ll be an outsider starting from that point on and may miss out on important opportunities that could shape your career.Here’s a quick questionnaire to consider before you accept a counteroffer â€"Money is temporary happiness â€" Have you learned everything that you need from the current company?Are you sacrificing your purpose for a sm all share of profits?Is your new job offering all the perks of your old company or just a few with a pay increase?Are your co-workers friendly towards you in your current company?How good is your relationship with your bosses and other senior members of the organization?On a scale of 1-10, how would you rate your job satisfaction rate?Have you researched your new employer well enough?Do you think your current experience is enough to carry over to your new job?Do you have enough savings if you end up unemployed for a year?If you indeed prefer to shift your work desk, the wise thing is to do it professionally â€" polite and warmly.Don’t declare war and lose all the valuable relationships that you’ve built across your tenure.Contacts such as these are critical in the future when you may be in dire need of their assistance.MISTAKE #7: Don’t Bring Up Personal Reasons As An Excuse For A Pay UpgradeHave a car loan that you just can’t get rid of? Perhaps a 2nd mortgage on your home?  or unable to meet your day-to-day expenditure?All valid reasons for a pay upgrade except personal issues don’t really replace work efficiency for the company.Never play the “pity” card in front of your boss, it’s in your best interests to plan your expenses and get rid of your outstanding payments without seeking your company’s help.Your superior could easily invalidate your cause by pointing to the fact that every one of his employees faces the same hardship as you, what makes you the special one to receive the benefit of the doubt?The top 3 personal reasons that employees bring out to their superiors are as follows.Your Expenses Don’t Have Value in a Pay NegotiationWhen you accepted the job and signed the job letter, you agreed to the terms and conditions set forth by the company. Managing your finances is something only you can commit to.Change the way you live, save more by eating out less, and buy clothes on a sale.Do anything to save a few bucks to shred down yo ur loans but the company doesn’t owe you beyond the agreed amount. Plain and simple.“I’m About to Have a Child, I’d like a Pay Increase”One of the most used excuses for employees is to expect a pay upgrade for becoming new parents. That’s not how it works. You aren’t entitled to an increase in pay just because the number of family members has increased.The company isn’t entitled to pay you a surplus just because you aren’t capable of managing the finances of your own family.Don’t beat around the bush and waste your efforts in expecting a raise, for this reason, the best the company would do is offer time off to be with your family and that’s being generous.No Money for TravelTravelling isn’t a life necessity and is certainly not encouraged by many organizations to increase the pay of their employees.Surely, you can increase the days off in your vacation package but to expect to be paid just for enjoying a dream holiday is a wild fantasy on your part.By workin g hard and moving up the ranks you can reward yourself with a generous increase in salary and a trip to your preferred holiday destination. Don’t waste a salary negotiation discussion based on this subject.Practical Psychology shows us how to save money without going overboard with your expenditure.These money-managing tricks help in automating your monthly needs without having to rely on a raise. MISTAKE #8: Don’t Ask For A Raise During A Budget Cut Or An Ongoing Financial CrunchTanya Tarr, a Forbes contributor suggests all employees take the fiscal year into account before arriving at a decision on negotiating a pay upgrade. “Timing is everything”, she states while adding that apart from a salary raise, an employee is open to receiving career opportunities when the time is right.When asking for a raise during a budget crisis, you’re sure to get the short end of the stick. Simply put, the organization has no finances to allow for monetary raises at this time when payroll taxes take the spotlight. AAUW’s expert Rauch says instead of asking for monetary increment during this time, it’s best to avail other perks such as remote-work options, additional vacation time, professional development, flexible work timings, etc.Here are 5 pro tips to consider before you ask for a monetary increment.Salary isn’t the only perk for an employee, during a budget crisis, ask for quality of work life improvements such as work tools, additional break time, lunch coupons, etc.Educational programs or training programs are extremely expensive, ask your company to fund a program you think can add expertise to your skillset. In this way, you gain long-lasting knowledge for free. During a budget crisis, your company is most likely conducting layoffs on employees who don’t make the cut. During this time, securing your job should be your main priority. Give time for the company to recover from their losses. A 6-month period from the last financial crisis is a good time to revisit your raise discussion.A budget cut usually means several job positions remain vacant until such a time the company replaces the laid-off employees. Take up these positions and prove to your company that you’re a valuable employee.The following scenarios provide you with examples of how to react when your boss responds with a neutral response.Response #1Boss: “We are currently under a financial constraint, there won’t be any monetary changes conducted on existing employees. In fact, you should consider yourself lucky you haven’t made the list of evicted employees.”Your Response: “Gratitude. I am honored that the company has such high hopes in me. I understand the current situation and will revisit the proposition in better times.”Response #2Boss: “I’m currently under a heavy workload, as you can see the company isn’t moving in the best direction. I wish you’d come to me the previous quarter when things weren’t this bad.”Your Response: “I underst and. Thanks for the opportunity for allowing me to shed light on my situation. In the meantime, I’ll be sure to bounce off ideas on how to come up with ways to turn things around for the company.” Positive responses such as the above ones demonstrate the loyalty within you. When times are tough, the company seeks encouragement from its employees.The ones who weather the storm and patiently stick with the company are usually rewarded with pay upgrades and promotions during the company’s profitable times.Consider the future during a budget crunch. AND THE GOLDEN MISTAKE OF THEM ALL! â€" NOT HAVING ANY RESEARCH OR PREPARATION BEHIND YOUR SALARY RAISEThe key to a successful negotiation is research and well-thought out reasoning. Take, for example, a lawyer fights a case without understanding what the case is about, the opposition is going to brutally tear him apart with facts and sound evidence.Similarly, as an employee, it’s your duty to guard yourself with updated information and knowledge on pay scales pertaining to your profession.We’ve picked the top questions that employees should always have answers to â€"What do competitors offer people in your field?How well does your company pay better compared to other organizations?How critical is my job role in today’s market?Is my company utilizing my skills to the max without rewarding me for my efforts?Is my job standard “X” and am I asking for a “Y” price?Am I seeing salary as the only negotiable thing on the table?Financial consultants and mentors are a great source of information to lead you in the right direction.An expert in your field, maybe a family member or a friend can also provide the right advice in providing all the information that is required to ensure your negotiation process remains smooth.Norman, from Kraft Foods Group states “Negotiation is an ongoing process, you have to add value in a quantifiable role before you can reap success in upgrading your salary.”Heres a quick step-by-step video tutorial to get you started on negotiating through your salary process. THE LONG (OR SHORT) WAIT AFTER ASKING FOR A RAISEIn the end, after you’ve exhausted all options at receiving a salary raise, the only thing to have is â€" Patience.Time will ensure you receive and are entitled to the rewards of your benefits. If your boss fails to see you as a valuable employee, there’s always another organization that is awaiting a valuable employee such as yourself.Remember to always negotiate a higher price than you need, in the end when the negotiation is done, the price might just be exactly what you wanted.Always give your seniors a time frame to calculate your worth and to return to you before you begin job searching. Two weeks are usually the allotted time to discuss all proceedings.When you receive a negative answer, you are faced with two options â€" either work harder in the current company or move to another company. If you intend to choose the latter, understa nd that you lose all the existing perks of your company.So, try to come up with a balance before making a hasty decision that you might regret moving on.

The Fifth Avenue Art Gallery - 936 Words

Art is all around us, and allows people to express their emotions in a sharable form. The Fifth Avenue Art Gallery is a premiere gallery located in Brevard Country in the Eau Gallie Arts District. I visited this gallery on September 16th and liked that this gallery is open to the public and has free admission. The Fifth Avenue Art Gallery contains wonderful art that are all originals. These visual arts come in a variety of forms like painting, sculptures, crafts, and jewelry. The Fifth Avenue Art Gallery has a wide variety of art too from different artists and a beautiful collection of different pieces. I selected the Fifth Avenue Art Gallery because I was curious to see how other people viewed Florida through their art. Two artists in particular caught my attention, Bill McCoy and Nancy Hamlin-Vogler. Bill McCoy is a traditional oil painter that creates paintings that reflect Florida’s lifestyle and nature. His paintings are semi-realistic and capture the beauty of Florida. B ill McCoy’s medium is oil on canvas, and uses Florida as inspiration. Nancy Hamlin-Vogler is an artist of many talents and creates art in various different mediums like acrylic, charcoal, and mixed media. Her artwork is sporadic and spontaneous that ignites deep thought and emotion. The gallery is arranged by collections and artists, so an artist’s collection is all together and not all around the gallery. I walked around the whole gallery and look at all the different art, some art was trulyShow MoreRelatedThe Fifth Avenue Art Gallery923 Words   |  4 Pages The Fifth Avenue Art Gallery is a premiere gallery located in Brevard Country and has operated since 1974. I visited this gallery on September 16th and liked that this gallery is open to the public and has free admission. The Fifth Avenue Art Gallery contains wonderful art that are all originals. These visual arts come in a variety of forms like painting, sculptures, crafts, and jewelry. 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Undoubtedly, a characteristic feature of these museums is the predominant role, having prioritized and powerful architecture. Thus, this has led to a radical change in the way the public thinks about a museum, its architecture and its role

Alcohol and College Students - 1782 Words

Alcohol and College Students Excessive drinking by college students has become a social phenomenon in which College students do not acknowledge the health risks that are involved with their excessive drinking habits. Furthermore, college students do not know enough about alcohol in general and what exactly it does to the body or they do not pay attention to the information given to them. There needs to be a complete saturation on the campuses, with the help of businesses and the media, expressing how excessive drinking is not attractive and not socially accepted. A report from GSU seeks to explore all aspects of alcohol abuse related to college students through definitions and statistical problems of alcohol abuse in hopes of†¦show more content†¦And when drinking becomes addictive, either psychologically or physically, it’s considered alcoholism. Alcohol abuse, if left untreated, can very easily progress into alcoholism†. Most college students believe the myth that people who are morally weak or have emotional problems are the ones who can become alcoholics. Whereas the truth is that â€Å"studies show there are no particular personality traits that cause alcoholism to occur. What’s important is how much and how often someone drinks, not what kind of person they are†. Ultimately college students are setting themselves up to become the alcoholics of the future because they drink when their depressed, stressed about school work, and to simply have a so called good time. The social acceptance of drinking alcohol in college statistically makes alcohol abuse among college students one of the biggest problems among educational institutions in the United States. Statistically alcohol has caused a wealth of misfortune and death across the United States just among college students. â€Å"According to the Core Institute, an organization that surveys college drinking practices, 300,000 of today’s college students will eventually die of alcohol-related causes such as drunk driving accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, various cancers, and heart disease†. In addition â€Å"drinking and driving has been reported by 60% of college men and 50% of college women who are binge drinkers†. AlsoShow MoreRelatedThe Abuse of Alcohol by College Students647 Words   |  3 PagesAlcohol and the abuse of it by college students is a big problem that many college towns such as Iowa City, Iowa, are facing. With increasingly more students drinking alcohol, what was once just a casual drink can quickly turn into binge drinking. This behavior has many consequences for not only the student, but also the public. 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Terrell ENG 111 28E Mrs. Boone 22 November 2015 Alcohol Abuse in College Students When students are making the transition from high school to college they begin to meet new people, make new friends, see what it’s like to be on their own and make their own decisions. This is all good and well, but sometimes they tend to make the wrong decisions. Many college students have trouble handling their newfound freedom, new acquaintances, and responsibilities in on- campus living which can leadRead MoreThe Effects of Alcohol Consumption on College Students1227 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ The Effects of Alcohol Consumption on College Students On a weekly basis, college students consume more alcohol to fit in with their peers. Prior research has shown how alcohol consumption can lead to negative effects. Typically, college students ignore the negative effects of consuming alcohol, in order to have a good time. 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Diana Cazares Photo Write Essay Nightlife Free Essays

He was born on October 7, 1891 in New Orleans, Louisiana and died on January 16, 1981 at the age Of 89 in Chicago, Illinois. He is one of the major contributors to the Harlem Renaissance, or the New Negro Movement, a time in which African American art reached new heights not only in New York but across America. His early paintings of night scenes, and crowd scenes were influenced by jazz culture, and are perhaps his most popular and most prolific. We will write a custom essay sample on Diana Cazares Photo Write Essay Nightlife or any similar topic only for you Order Now It looks like with all the dancing, drinking, and socializing going on, they would forget the outside world. I can imagine how troubles would slide off, for a moment of fun and abandon. I hope can give this painting justice with my words. Sincerely, Diana Cares Dry. Marcia Mitchell English. 1301 . VII Archibald John Motley Jar. American, 1891-1981 Nightlife, 1943 â€Å"Nightlife† came across this painting after searching and searching all of the links provided. I am drawn to vibrant colors, music, and dancing, so it was no surprise that this particular painting had caught my eye. Music helps me in my troubled times, somehow sways my thoughts to more positive ones. What Archibald depicts in this painting is a contrast as to what was going on in reality. Racism roamed among African-American society but in the midst of this club, all you can see is people making the most Of their life, relishing in the jazz music. As stare at this picture, I see a crowd of African-American people enjoying a night at a cabaret, as it was called back then. In the background you see two bartenders tending to the needs of their customers. The wall is lined with countless selection of spirits, tempting the already intoxicated patrons. You can see people sitting down at the counter, awaiting someone to pull them up to dance and forget the outside world. Others are already looking three sheets to the wind, their heads on the counter. Couples sitting at tables, equally taking pleasure in the music, yet still caught up in each other. The music seems to be stimulating their senses into wild abandon. There’s a jukebox to the right blasting the invigorating tunes. So much movement every. Veer with people dancing to the music, you could almost hear it from the look on their faces. The women fully clad in their best dresses outfitted for exactly this scene. Blue, green, yellow, purple, red colors inviting you to look intently at such uninhibited fun, almost making you wish you were in that scene yourself. How to cite Diana Cazares Photo Write Essay Nightlife, Essays

Watch Out For People Who Call Themselves Religious; Make Sure You Know

Watch out for people who call themselves religious; make sure you know what they mean-make sure they know what they mean! (572). In the novel written by John Irving, A PRAYER FOR OWEN MEANY, the protagonist, Owen Meany, developed an unusual religious significance. Owen experienced visions of future events, he had a unique type of faith in God that most do not attain, and Owen spoke endlessly to inform people about God. Throughout Owen's life he demonstrated the same characteristics as a prophet through his actions and his words. Thus one could conclude that Owen Meany is a prophet. Similar to a prophet, Owen was given precognitive powers that allowed him to see into the future. Owen's first prophecy came to him on New Years Eve 1953 during the community production of 'A Christmas Carol'. The most obvious inference concerning the play was that Owen played the part of the ghost of Christmas yet to come. In reaction to Owen's portrayal of this character, the audience's faces which were so amused, so curious, so various-were rendered shockingly similar; each face became the model of each other's fear (42). Owen had dehumanized this character to the point that children were leaving the theater crying and some were even wetting their pants. One reference which could be made concerning Owen and Scrooge was that GOD HAS ALLOWED [them] TO KNOW MORE THAN MOST PEOPLE KNOW-... (366). Both of them were told their futures, however Scrooge made an effort to change his, where as Owen did not. Owen's revelation came through a vision he experienced during the graveyard scene of the play. He immediately fainted. The curtains went down, and members of the production all ran to Owen's aid, yet he seemed ungrateful, He appeared to be sullenly embracing his 'vision' like the typically doubtless prophet he so often seemed to be... (246). Owen believed he had seen his name on a gravestone along with the date of his death. No one could convince him otherwise. The fact that Owen was correct about the date of his death confirmed that he had visions; this proved he had qualities of a prophet. A prophet uses prophecies to not only prove they have powers, but also to benefit others. The second prophecy came to Owen in his dreams when he envisioned the reason and the way his life would end. Owen wrote of his dream in his diary. No one realized how detailed and precise it really was until they read it. Owen stated in his diary, THE WAY THEY LOOK AT ME, I KNOW TWO THINGS. I KNOW I SAVED THEM-I DON'T KNOW HOW. AND I KNOW THAT THEY'RE AFRAID FOR ME... (474). The entries in his diary revealed that he died saving Vietnamese children. He was a prime example of courage and integrity. A prophet uses their prophecies to not only prove that they have powers, but also to somehow benefit the world or allow people to learn from their visions. In Owen's case, he had established himself as a prophet... (201). It was a wonder to John that the changing of the year had so little effect on Owen Meany - when [John] considered that he thought he knew...exactly how many years he had left. Yet he a ppeared content... maybe that's what faith is... (358). Was Owen's sole purpose in life only to save the Vietnamese children? The mind wants to say no because many of us could never comprehend such a sacrifice. Owen Meany found strength in his belief that God made him for a special, heroic purpose. Owen thought he was the reason John's mother was killed. One night, Having gone into her room, he witnessed an apparition. Owen believed the task of John's mother's death had been passed to him for he had interrupted the angel of death at her holy work. To imply that this incident was an accident was to be accused that you lacked faith. In Owen's opinion ...he had DISTURBED AN ANGEL AT WORK, he had UPSET THE SCHEME OF THINGS (102). Robbed from an ordinary life, Owen felt that God had assigned him a role that he was powerless to change... (420). Owen's mission was clear to him;

steps of problem solving essays

steps of problem solving essays Like most people I have problems, but like some of those people running away from the problem is not an option. Sometimes thinking of a solution thoroughly isnt always the first thing on my mind. Thinking back on my past problems I found that sometimes thinking of a solution thoroughly was the only thing on my mind On September 18, 2000 I started to take a psychology course provided by the BMCC-College Now program. On Monday October 8, 2000 I went on a job interview at Citigate Dewe Rogerson. On Tuesday October 9, 2000 I was given the opportunity to play girls softball for my school. On Wednesday October 10, 2000 I got a phone call asking me when would be available to start at the prestigious company. My reply was right away. Thats where the conflict began. I decided to set my priorities straight and categorize my options from most to least important. The job came first only because I really needed the money. Next came the college course because its free and Ive already invested my time into it. Finally came softball something I always wanted to do, but just never had the time. I narrowed it down to discontinue either softball or the college course. I then arranged every possible solution with every possible consequence. If I stop taking the college course then Ill get a full advantage of year round practice before the actual games begin. If I continue the college course I have the chance of going to college with a couple of credits. After some thought I discussed my dilema over with my cousin and he sort of shed some light on my situation. He reminded me that I was a senior and that this year should be one that I would want to remember for a long time. He told me that I would never get the opportunity to have another senior year in which I can play softball in highschool. Eureka! Taking consideration to what my cousin said I decided to continue taking the college course mean...

Hale and Haul

Hale and Haul Hale and Haul Hale and Haul By Maeve Maddox In my current reading of Beowulf, Ive got to the part where the dragon bites Beowulf in the neck. The word translated as neck is heals. For some reason, the expression to be haled off to prison came to my mind. Could it be, I wondered, that the expression came from grabbing the felons neck and dragging him away? No. My imaginative leap was all wrong. Thats how folk etymologies get started! Old English had a word corresponding to our word neck: hnecca, neck, back of the neck. It was not commonly used in OE, but in the later language lost the h and displaced heals as the common word for that part of the anatomy. The verb hale, drag, summon, came into English about 1200, from Old French haler, to pull. The pronunciation changed in the 13th century and the spelling eventually became haul. Now felons are hauled off to prison. haul:Â  trans. To pull or draw with force or violence; to drag, tug (esp. in nautical language). OED The greeting hail, pronounced the same as hale, comes from Old Norse heill, health, prosperity, good luck. In OE, the greeting was waes haeil, be healthy. The phrase became shortened to hailse, which eventually became hail. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Beautiful and Ugly Words8 Types of Parenthetical Phrases55 "House" Idioms

Qualitative methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Qualitative methods - Essay Example 2013). In order to avoid any probable deviation this research method focuses on limited sample or delimitating the research area. In the end of qualitative research certain suggestions are also given which are optional and general. Theory is taken to explore solution of hypothesis and data is collected. Data is collected from two sources i.e. primary and secondary. The primary methods are the interview, group discussion, observation, case study, different texts, visual images etc. The secondary methods are consultation of reference material, certain pictures related to focus data and visiting different libraries. Advantages 1. The basic question of a human is† why† and it is satisfied here in this research method. 2. It is easy to conduct as it does not require too much money. 3. It’s more focused with delimitation of sample. Disadvantages 1. Its limited to just a particular chosen sample so what applies to one sample cannot be applied to other sample of same popul ation. 2. It does not give statistics of a fact. Participant observation   It is an approach to collect data in qualitative research. This technique is used for disciplines as sociology, psychology human geography etc.  Often it comes close to certain group or parties like a group of a certain occupation, culture or religion and their behavior at a given time. It is of four types. How it is Useful This method is used to observe informal behavior of participant. It gives a better understanding to the researcher when he or she himself/herself gets involve practically. Different approaches are used as Informal interviews, direct  observing the sample, group participation and discussion,  tracing the personal history, derived results from these approaches. It may take time as months till years to derive results (Profile, 2012). Advantages 1. It’s valid and accepted more because it is an observation. 2. It brings social grooming on the part of observer and he/she gets to l earn how to interact in a better way. Disadvantages 1. It’s difficult to remain objective while observation because a researcher may get biased or participant can have influence on him. 2. A participant may behave artificially so it may give fake observation. 3. It takes too much time. Interview Checklist Interview Checklist is dos and don’ts of an interview. It is a formal criteria to judge an interview if it goes successful or not. Certain factors as appearance, application, personality, attitude, response, body language impressions are counted. Two types of interview are taken normally i.e. structured and less structured. How it is Useful It is useful to conduct a good interview. It gives an understanding of whole environment of interview and the particular behavior of respondent and interviewer. It gives the key to successful interview. Advantages Depending upon the types we discuss advantages as follows Structured Interview 1. It has a vast sample, so it’s beneficial. 2. Questions are arranged in sequence to

Historical Analysis Of Leather In India Research Paper

Historical Analysis Of Leather In India - Research Paper Example Sankar, an eminent expert on leather technology at the Oxford University, says that the industry releases harmful effluents and chemicals that pollute rivers and other water bodies (86). Moreover, much of this waste is released in a solid form that cannot be absorbed or disposed off effectively and is therefore contributing to the pollution of the environment. The Indian leather industry is composed of both established manufacturers as well as thousands of cottage industries engaged in the production of various types of leather. In 2010, the industry processed over 65 million animal hides and over 160 million skins to produce leather of various types and quality (Kaul 108). In fact, the latter constitute over three-fifths of the total industrial output. While leather production has existed in India for thousands of years, the modern practice of leather production were introduced by the British rules in the mid-nineteenth century. Over 60% of the industry’s output constitutes h ides and skins. Other leather products manufactured by these industries include leather garments, suitcases, belts and shoes (Kaul 95). Sawhney, a noted professor on Leather Technology at the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University in Hyderabad, India states that there are more than 2300 tanneries in the country with a combined turnover of $7.5 billion and are primarily concentrated in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and West Bengal (109). The industry exports most of its produce mainly to the western countries, Japan and Australia. The following figure shows the growth of the leather industry in India over the last 50 years. The information in this graphic is of importance as it highlights the gradual growth of the industry, its relative contribution to the national GDP and the extent to which the sector has come to dominate leather production in the global market. Fig. 1. Growth of the leather industry in India 1951-2007. Source: Sawhney, The new face of environmental management in India, 2008. While India remains a top exporter of leather, it has fallen behind Pakistan and Argentina in annua l output due to several factors. India has the highest population of cattle and enjoys lower labor costs that are essential for leather production. Such conditions would make one believe that India holds a distinct advantage when it comes to manufacturing leather (Sahasranaman 46). However, despite having the basic raw material required for the manufacture of leather, the Indian leather industry suffers from adequate technology and financial incentives required to operate the industries in a clean and pollution-free manner. Further, Indian leather manufacturers are driven by the incentive to keep costs at the very minimum and look upon treating effluents or utilizing cleaner techniques as additional expenditure (Sahasranamam 50). The presence of favorable conditions combined with the present inability of Indian leather manufacturers in coping with global demand has forced them to adopt cheaper and quicker means of production to enhance output volumes. Such pressures have however com e at the expense of the environment. In fact, Jenkins says that tanneries depend on as many as 700 different chemicals to treat and process animal hides, most of which are water insoluble and capable of rendering land and water toxic and unfit for human use (65). For instance, most leather companies situated near the banks of the Ganges River have simply preferred to dump their wastes directly into the river. These effluents contain large

String Quintet

String Quintet I. A Proposed Analysis of the String Quintet in F If the only thing Bruckner had ever written for string instruments had been the slow movement to his string quintet, his reputation would have been secured for all time. The entire work is so admirable that it is hard to believe that its creator had little familiarity with string chamber music. Though true, it is hard to credit that Bruckner did not know Beethovens late string quartets at the time he wrote this work. Its harmonies are quite unique and characteristic of Bruckners love of harmonic seconds and half tones. As a result, the intonation is at times quite difficult to get right but even amateurs need to overcome these so as to make the acquaintance of this magnificent work. The first movement, Gemà ¤ÃƒÅ¸ig, entirely avoids the usual Allegro mood one expects to find in a first movement. The plastic main theme is full of yearning and developed at great length until the entrance of the lyrical second theme, which conveys almost unimaginable bliss. The second movement, Scherzo, is highly syncopated though here, as opposed to its appearance in his symphonies, it is gentler and has a melancholy, contemplative mood to it. The trio section is closely related to the old-style minuet though it is full of feeling. The aforementioned slow movement, Adagio, takes one directly to heaven. This is music of affirmation and there is no sense of resignation to an inevitable and unwished for fate. The tonal color is quite unique, especially when the cello falls silent. The main theme of the finale, Lebhaft bewegt, has a staccato motif over an organ-like underpinning. The slower delightful second theme is a real piece of Austrian folk music and the variations on it are very pleasing.[1] Above is a useful aesthetic and dimensional introduction to the String Quintet in F, as expressed by the prominent German musicologist Wilhelm Altmann, who lived between 1862 and 1951. A facsimile of the 1926 Universal Edition miniature score of the quintet is included as an appendix, and it is suggested that one experiences both the score and its realisation before engaging with the content of this thesis. It is not the purpose here to provide a rigorous analytical discussion, however, what follows is a proposed structural overview of the four movements of the work, which will be followed by a detailed examination of the Adagio. Moderato (F minor) 1 98 Exposition 1 72 Primary Subject Group 73 98 Primary Subject Group 99 170 Development 171 273 Recapitulation and Coda Scherzo (D minor) 1 62 Vivace 63 82 Pià ¹ lento 83 119 Vivace Trio Pià ¹ lento 120-159 Da Capo 1 119 Vivace- Pià ¹ lento -Vivace Adagio (G flat minor) 1 18 Primary Subject Group 18 34 Transition I 35 56 Secondary Subject Group 57 66 Transition II 67 82 Simultaneous Recapitulation/Elaboration of Primary Subject Group 83 138 Simultaneous Recapitulation/Elaboration of Secondary Subject Group 139 167 Simultaneous Recapitulation/Elaboration of Primary Subject Group 167 173 Coda: Tonic (G flat minor) consolidation by restatements and dominant implications Finale (D flat minor à   F major) 1 16 Primary ‘Quartet Theme (Vivace) 17 32 Contrapuntal Quintet Theme (Im Tempo etwas nachgebend) 33 70 Cantabile Theme (Langsamer) 71 108 Agitato imitative theme 109 114 Simultaneous Recapitulation/Elaboration of Cantabile Theme 115 158 Synthesis and Elaboration of all themes 159 195 Recapitulation of Primary ‘Quartet Theme and concluding fff cadential flourish ~ According to Leopold Nowak, the third movement of the String Quintet in F, the Adagio, was composed between 10 and 31 March 1879.[2] Initially, I will establish how the Adagio functions by means of interaction between the five solo instruments, through a detailed examination of Bruckners treatment of structure, thematic material and harmony throughout the movement, in addition to his exploitation of the quintet idiom. In the following chapter, ‘III. Historical Reception and Criticism, I will engage with a spectrum of critical assessments of this particular movement, considering value judgements based on symphonic or chamber expectations, or indeed both. Timothy L. Jackson has documented how throughout his career ‘Bruckner considered sonata form to comprise of essentially two (rather than three) large spatial units, whereby the exposition is one element and the development and recapitulation together form the other.[3] Bruckner, according to Jackson, referred to the development and recapitulation of the opening movement of Symphony No. 9 in D minor (1894) as ‘the second part, or ‘2. Abtheilung.[4] Table 1, overleaf, displays how the Adagio convincingly functions as a two-part movement. In harmonic terms, Bruckner creates a divide between the respective sections by travelling further from the tonic and its mediant, which form the basis of the first section, to keys such as D minor and E flat in the second section. The thematic treatment in the respective sections further supports the notion of two-part division in the Adagio, with thematic material being presented in an original context between bars 1 and 66,[5] but with the juxtaposition of recapitulation with regeneration, or development, throughout bars 67 to 173. Table 1 Analysis Diagram Bar Reference Structural Position Structural Function Tonal Function Thematic Function 1 18 Section 1 Primary Subject Group Tonic (G flat minor) established (bar 13) Exposition of themes A (violin I, bb. 1-9) + B (violin I, bb. 10-12) 18 34 Transition 1 G flat minor à   B flat minor Link subject groups + consolidate B 35 56 Secondary Subject Group B flat minor consolidated (bars 56-57) Exposition of themes C (viola I, bb. 37-41), D (cello, bb. 51-4) + E (cello, bb. 55-7) 57 66 Transition 2 Tonic preparation (implied V7c at bar 66) Links Sections 1 + 2 and consolidates A 67 82 Section 2 Recapitulation/Elaboration of primary subject group Tonic (G flat minor) à   G flat major) Recapitulation and imitative treatment of A 83 114 Elaboration of Secondary Subject Group and Climax 1 at bar 107. Durchfà ¼hrung style modulatory passage. Concluding with D minor preparation (bar 114) Elaboration of Secondary Subject Group themes 115 138 Recapitulation/Elaboration of Secondary Subject Group and Climax 2 at bar 135 D minor initially, before Durchfà ¼hrung style modulatory passage at bar 138: E flat minor cadence Recapitulation combination, and contrapuntal treatment of themes 139 167 Recapitulation/Elaboration of Primary Subject Group and Climax 3 at bar 141 Tonic (G flat minor) Contrapuntal and sequential treatment of A and B 167 173 Coda Tonic (G flat minor) consolidated by tonic re-statements and repeated dominant implications (second violin) Derived from theme and accompaniment C. Diminished seventh leap and accompaniment reinstatements decrease William Caplin has argued that composers typically condense and adopt a lesser degree of formal and motivic complexity within slow movements, in order to limit duration. Thus they are ‘inherently simpler than other string quintet movements.[6] Although constructed in a binary fashion, Bruckners Adagio, in opposition to Caplins argument, includes the exposition (e.g. bars 1-18), elaboration (e.g. bars 83-114) and recapitulation (e.g. bars 139-167) of thematic material, revealing a full compliance with the fundamental procedures of sonata form as propounded by Arnold Schoenberg.[7] Thematic material from Bruckners exposition areas ( 1, bar 1, and 2,[8] bars 37-8) is presented in different tonal areas, in sequence ( 3,[9] bars 61-2), in inverted imitation ( 4, bars 99-101), and in progressive diminution ( 5, bars 169-73. Here the rising major sixth of 2 is progressively compressed in the second violin). Bruckners juxtaposition of thematic elaboration and recapitulation in the second section of the Adagio stands in parallel with the earlier quintets of Mozart, allegedly ‘the first to exploit fully the †¦ possibilities of the medium†¦ successfully and consistently.[10] For example, in the Adagio ma non troppo of the String Quintet in G minor, K. 516, Mozart excludes an independent developmental section, choosing instead to progress directly from the exposition (bars 1 37) to the recapitulation (bars 38 82). However, prefiguring the Brucknerian approach, Mozarts recapitulation features both the reinstatement and regeneration of material from both the primary and secondary subject groups, and thus manifests the integration of two elements of the sonata principle, elaboration and recapitulation. Hans Hubert Schà ¶nzeler has argued that Bruckner considered the traditional architecture and procedures of sonata form ‘a mere starting point, which he filled out, moulded and fashioned to suit his own particular requirements.[11] Schà ¶nzelers viewpoint can be confirmed by an examination of Bruckners formal construction in the Adagio. Table 1 refers to a sequence of three points of climax, at bars 107, 135 and 141 respectively. At bar 107 the inversion of a secondary theme (originally presented at bar 55) is presented strongly in the bass, whilst the remaining four voices have the same dynamic marking of fff. On the second quaver of the bar, when all five instruments are being played, the pitch range extends two octaves and a perfect fifth, which represents the greatest range thus far in the movement. At bar 135, whilst the pitch range (maximum of two octaves and a major third) and dynamic markings (ff) are less than before, the use of homophony to present the secondary theme maintains the climactic strength ( 6 bar 135, below). Finally, at bar 141 Bruckner recapitulates bars 14-34 climactically by means of an ff unison trill in the violins, whilst the lower strings play in dense homophony ( 7). The first beat of bar 141 contains the greatest pitch range in the entire movement, at two octaves and a major sixth. Bruckners use of a climactic sequence in the latter stages of the movement creates a sense of teleological progression. The thematic organicism central to sonata form is utilised to create a dramatic, linear gradient throughout the movement until the respective points of climax. In contrast to the resolution of tension associated with the traditional tonic recapitulation, Bruckners procedure creates an alternative region of arrival within the ‘Adagio. The reiteration (through a three-point succession) of climax, before the gradual dissipation of texture, dynamics and thematic significance throughout the final passage (bar 150 onwards), reflects Bruckners use of a climactic sequence in the latter stages of the movement to create a sense of apogee, as opposed to the traditional resolution. The adoption of teleological and motivically interactive compositional processes in the nineteenth century, with roots in works such as Beethovens fifth and ninth symphonies, was common. Ernest Newman has documented how the climactic region of the Prelude to Wagners Tristan und Isolde the two maximum points of dynamic, ff, which occur between bars 74 84 features motivic material directly derived from earlier in the movement.[12] In a similar fashion, Beethovens Allegretto ma non troppo from the Piano Sonata No. 28 in A major, Op. 101 reaches a teleological elaboration of the syncopated chord progression of the exposition codetta (see s 8 and 9).[13] By the time Bruckner was composing his string quintet, the positioning of musical climaxes became imperative to the progression of a movement. Notably, the climaxes of the Beethoven and Wagner examples above are positioned in close proximity at 83% and 76% through the Allegretto ma non troppo and the Prelude respectively.[14] Newman argues that ‘Wagner unconsciously obeys that natural law of structure that brings in the climax at a point about two-thirds of the time-distance between the beginning and the end.[15] In the Adagio of the String Quintet in F Bruckner positions the three points of climax at 62%, 78% and 82%, respectively. Interestingly, the first point of climax (bar 107) occurs at the ‘Golden Section, the Greek numerical constant of 0.6180 (4 d. p.).[16] This proportion, which has been widely cultivated by architects, artists and musicians, is manifest in works such as the De Divina Proportione (1509) of Luca Pacioli and Leonardo da Vinci, or reflected in the structural proportions of Debussys La Mer (1905),[17] and is believed to produce ‘harmonious proportions and maximise aesthetic experience.[18] The composition of three individual points of climax results in the creation of an extended climactic region, lasting almost a quarter of the Adagio, revealing the presence of a Schubertian ‘heavenly length, a musical device which allegedly interested and influenced Bruckner.[19] Simultaneously, Bruckner cleverly initiates his climactic passage at the point governed by Newmans ‘natural law of structure, but incorporates teleological prolongation by the sustaining positioning of the remaining two climaxes. Harmonic Analysis Similarly to Bruckners manipulation of the traditional thematic functions of classical form, harmonic relationships are exploited in order to enhance the linear progression. A detailed harmonic analysis of the first section reveals how Bruckner exploits the availability of a wide range of keys, such as E flat minor and B flat major (transition 1). Harmonic freedom is also signified by the use of a fluctuating B flat centre during the secondary subject group, through the Schubertian procedures of modal switches and tertiary relationships, and the more adventurous use of harmonic colouring found in the work of Wagner. Theme C, introduced by the first viola at bar 37, is emphatically diatonic and outlines an essentially triadic progression, accentuating the tension between the flattened and raised third degree. A simple presentation of the key areas explored in the secondary subject group and the second transition displays the remote key relationships employed by Bruckner. The implicati on of chromatic or Neapolitan relationships (e.g. the chord of Db major originating as the Neapolitan chord of C major) results in an expanded palette of key relations: bar 34 Bmajor/minor bar 51 C major bar 53 D major bar 57 B major/minor bar 61 Transition, preparing G major By employing distant and frequently fluctuating key relationships during the Adagio, Bruckner produces tonal instability, a tension-building device used by predecessors such as Schubert, and also Beethoven, in the Bagatelle, WoO 60 (1818) and Symphony No. 5 in C minor (1808), with the ambiguous (C minor/E flat major) tonal identity of its opening motivic gesture. Freed from the conventional assembly of harmony and thematic material, Bruckners formal approach to the Adagio can be comprehended through Dahlhauss definition of a schematic form one ‘sustained exclusively by the quality of the initial idea, the individual character of which compensated for the conventionality of the overall outline.[20] In the case of the Adagio, the ‘initial idea is the gradual, yet continuous, gradient of tension leading to the climactic sequence. [1] Handbuch fà ¼r Streichquartettspieler (Berlin, 1931) [2] L. Nowak, op. cit. [3] P. Hawkshaw and T. L. Jackson, op. cit. [4] Ibid. [5] With the exception of the two transitional passages (bb. 18-34 and bb. 57-66), in which thematic material is recycled to link subject groups and reinforce the primary subject group. James Webster (‘Sonata form, in L. Macy [ed.] Grove Music Online [accessed 01-12-08]) documents the traditional reuse of central thematic material in both codas and transitions. [6] W. Caplin, Classical Form (1998), 209. [7] A. Schoenberg, Fundamentals of Musical Composition (1967). [8] The conventional clef distribution, as in 1, will be assumed unless otherwise stated. [9] The clef distribution for this example is violin 1 and violin 2 (treble) and viola 1 (alto). [10] Cliff Eisen, ‘String quintet, in L. Macy (ed.), Grove Music Online (Accessed 01-12-09) [11] H. H. Schà ¶nzeler, Bruckner (1970), 75. [12] E. Newman, ‘The Prelude, in R. Bailey (ed.), Prelude and Transfiguration from ‘Tristan und Isolde (1985), 153 161. [13] Both s 8 and 9 are presented as piano reductions, with the conventional treble (upper line) and bass (lower line) distribution. [14] Percentages have been calculated in relation to the total number of bars per movement. For example, the Allegretto ma non troppo contains 102 bars. The region of climax is initiated with the crescendo mid-way through bar 84. Bar ‘84.5 as a percentage approximates to 83%. [15] E. Newman, op. cit., 153 161. [16] R. Tatlow, ‘Golden number [golden section], in L. Macy (ed.), Grove Music Online (accessed 01-12-09). [17] R. Howat, Debussy in Proportion: A Musical Analysis (1983). [18] R. Tatlow, op. cit. [19] G. E. Arnold and E. Agate, ‘The Different Versions of the Bruckner Symphonies, The Musical Times, 78/11 (1937), 17 20. [20] C. Dahlhaus, ‘Issues in Composition, in C. Dahlhaus (ed.), Between Romanticism and Modernism: Four Studies in the Music of the Later Nineteenth Century, trans. Mary Whittall (Berkley and Los Angeles, 1980), 44.

Accounts Receivable and Blades

1. Assuming that banks in Thailand issue a time draft on behalf of Sports Equipment Inc. and Major Leagues Inc. , would Blades receive payment for its roller blades before it delivers them? Do the banks issuing the time drafts guarantee payment on behalf of the Thai retailers if they default on the payment? ANSWER: No, Blades would not receive payment before it delivers roller blades to Sports Equipment Inc. and Major Leagues Inc. if banks in Thailand issue a time draft on the retailers’ behalf. The usual time of payment under a time draft is the maturity of the draft, and Blades relies on the retailers to pay the drafts at maturity.No, the banks issuing the time drafts do not guarantee payment on behalf of the Thai retailers if they default on the payment. The draft merely represents Blades’ formal demand for payment from the buyer and affords Blades’ less protection than a letter of credit, since the banks are not obligated to honor payments on the buyerâ€℠¢s behalf. 2. What payment method should Blades suggest to Sports Gear Inc.? Substantiate your answer. ANSWER: Blades should suggest to Sports Gear Inc. that its bank issue a letter of credit on its behalf.In a letter of credit, the bank is substituting its credit for that of the buyers, and Blades would be assured of receiving payment from the issuing bank as long as it presents the necessary documents in accordance with the L/C. The issuing bank is then obligated to honor drawings under the L/C. On the other hand, Sports Gear Inc. does not have to pay for the goods until shipment has been made and documents are presented in good order. 3. What organization could Blades contact in order to insure its sales to the Thai retailers? What type of insurance do these organizations provide?ANSWER: Blades could contact the Export-Import Bank of the U. S. (Ex im bank), which provides insurance protection against the risk of nonpayment by foreign buyers. Under such insurance coverage, Ex im b ank will reimburse Blades between 90 and 100 percent of the insured amount, depending on the type of policy and buyers. 4. How could Blades use accounts receivable financing or factoring, considering that it does not currently have accounts receivable in Thailand? If Blades uses a Thai bank to obtain this financing, how do you think the fact that Blades does not have receivables in Thailand would affect the terms of the financing?ANSWER: Blades could use accounts receivable financing and factoring using its accounts receivable in the U. S. Using accounts receivable financing, Blades could obtain a loan from a bank that would be secured by an assignment of the accounts receivables. Using factoring, Blades could sell the U. S. accounts receivable to a factor. Either approach is probably available to Blades if it decides to use a U. S. bank. However, it could also attempt to conduct accounts receivable financing of factoring of its U. S. receivables using a bank in Thailand.Thai banks may consider the assignment of foreign receivables less attractive than the assignment of domestic receivables and may require high interest rates (accounts receivable financing) or discount the receivables heavily (factoring). 5. Assuming that Blades is unable to locate a Thai bank that is willing to issue an L/C on Blades behalf, can you think of a way Blades could utilize its bank in the U. S. to effectively obtain an L/C from a Thai bank? ANSWER: Blades could inquire whether its U. S. bank has a correspondent bank in Thailand. In that case, the Thai bank may be willing to accept a letter of credit issued by Blades’ U.S. bank on Blades’ behalf. 6. What organizations could Blades contact to obtain working capital financing? If Blades is unable to obtain working capital financing from these organizations, what are its other options to finance its working capital needs in Thailand? ANSWER: There are several organizations Blades could contact to obtain working capital f inancing. For example, the Ex im bank’s Working Capital Guarantee Program encourages commercial banks to extend short-term financing by providing a comprehensive guarantee that covers 100 percent of the loan’s rincipal and interest. Furthermore, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) will provide medium- to long-term financing to U. S. investors undertaking an overseas venture. If Blades is unable to obtain working capital financing from these organizations, it could ask its bank for a short-term loan that finances the working capital cycle that begins with the purchase of inventory and continues with the sale of the goods, creation of an account receivable, and conversion to cash.

Young People´s Sexuality and Sexting - 1436 Words

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An estimated 8,300 young people aged 13–24 years in the 40 states reporting to CDC had HIV infection in 2009. Nearly half of the 19 million new STDs each year are among young people aged 15–24 years. More than 400,000 teen girls aged 15–19 years gave birth in 2009 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). These numbers are disturbing and

Homeland Security Theory and Practice - 691 Words

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